Crusades Glossary Entry
Follow the instructions on your assignment to submit your Crusades glossary entry. Your glossary entry must be a 3-5 sentence paragraph that addresses the name of your topic, the connection of your topic to the Crusades, and the significance of your topic to the Crusades. Make sure to include your two sources in your entry to receive full credit!
After submitting your entry, connect to two other classmates by commenting on their glossary entry, telling how your topic connects to theirs.
Finally, take notes on the glossary entries (there will be some repeated entries) to help your understanding of the Crusades as a whole, as well as to help with your success on the Crusades quiz.
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Eleanor of Aquitaine was mainly known because she was queen of two of the greatest medieval powers. She was the queen of France from 1137 to 1152 and she was also queen of England from 1154 to 1189. She was a key figure in the second crusade against a resistance in favor of her son. She was also well known for being a patron for poets like Wace, Bernart de Ventadorn, etc.
The Frederick II Crusade, commonly known as the Sixth Crusade . A military operation was carried out in order to retake Jerusalem and the remainder of the Holy Land. There was very little actual fighting during the seven-year period that followed the Fifth Crusade’s collapse. For much of the following fifteen years, as well as over other portions of the Holy Land, the Kingdom of Jerusalem was able to regain some control over Jerusalem thanks to the diplomacy of the Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, Frederick II.
My topic is related to the Sixth Crusade since Jerusalem was a city ruled by Muslims during the time of the crusade.
Very interesting. Your topic brings up my topic which is the Fifth Crusade.
King Louis VII was a part of the seventh crusade in reclaiming the holy land by attacking Muslims in Egypt. This took place in 1248-1254. The importance of this topic is the failure of the Seventh Crusade. The failure allowed the French to develop tactics and skills for the compilation of getting the holy lands in the Ninth Crusade. This event was important because it was what helped the French eventually regain territory over the holy lands once again and because of their failure and the holy lands being harder to get to it gave them reason to want that territory more.
Sources
“Seventh Crusade.” Wikipedia, 20 Aug. 2023. Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seventh_Crusade&oldid=1171368560.
Cartwright, Mark. “Seventh Crusade.” World History Encyclopedia, https://www.worldhistory.org/Seventh_Crusade/. Accessed 22 Sept. 2023.
This was written well, both of ours are connect because their was a military operation to reclaim the holyland.
My topic “The fourth Crusade” is similar to this because both the fourth and none crusades failed.
My topic also includes the seventh crusade because the seventh crusade has a lot to do with getting their relic and starting their golden age.
Our topics are related because King Louis VII of his time contributed to the dynamics and strategies of subsequent Crusades. Including the third Crusade.
Mmmhm!!!! YEs good this is, relates it does. Brought attacking parties we have. Negotiated peace i did. Attacked you did. Win i have.
The relics of the crusaders are the best armor and weapons in the game and they were acquired by the knights of the Nine Quests. The crusader’s got their relics around 1095-1300 CE. The relics came from Latin Reliquale. The crusaders got their relics to increase their proficiency in the school of restoration. The empire became so debilitated it could offer little resistance to the ottoman turks in 1453 CE.
Sources
Relics: The Holy Land – The Crusades. https://erenow.org/postclassical/crusades/787.php. Accessed 22 Sept. 2023.
IGN-GameGuides, et al. “Crusader Relics – The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion Guide.” IGN, https://www.ign.com/wikis/the-elder-scrolls-iv-oblivion/Crusader_Relics. Accessed 22 Sept. 2023.
this topic relates to my topic as in a king would wear armor. Landons topic is about armor and relics
Very Interesting topic. Something that relates to my topic, because I used your weapons and armor.
My topic is the Byzantine Empire it was located in the eastern part of Rome.
The Byzantine Empire mostly did not participate directly in the expeditions but instead Provided crucial logistical support.
On 13 April 1204
The Byzantine empire stopped Muslims from taking the western Europe regions which stopped western countries today from being Muslim.
The Byzantine Empire was used for ideas in order to keep the civilization the Fatimid Dynasty was withholding in order to survive.
The Byzantine Empire was centered right at the crossroads of Europe and the Middle East. It was a strong trading city because of this, so it was highly coveted.
Philip Augustus went to fight in the Holy Land during the Crusades, while the Byzantine Empire helped by giving supplies and support. The Byzantine Empire also protected some areas from being taken by Muslims. However, Philip Augustus didn’t focus on this, he was mostly concerned with the Holy Land.
The Byzantine Empire was one of the key coordinators in the crusades against the SELJUK TURKS.
My topic is Christians. Christians people who accept Jesus as their lord and savior and believe in him and trust him. Christians are a big part of the Crusades because they are the group who battled with Muslims over the Holy lands. This land consisted of Jerusalem, which is present day Israel, and other surrounding lands. The reason they wanted these lands is because it was there that Jesus was crucified and buried, and they believed the land was being dishonored, so they needed to get it back into the right hands. From 1095 to 1291 the Crusades were planned and fought by European Christians in Jerusalem. Christians believed they were ordered by God to take back their land. Christianity is significant to the Crusades because it was the Christians who started the wars with the Muslims. In 1096, the first Crusade happened and Christians won. They took Jerusalem and created four Crusader states. The second Crusade was a loss for Christians, Muslims took back Jerusalem. By 1201, the ninth Crusade, Christians were completely driven out of the Holy Land.
Philip Augustus played a big role in the siege of Acre, which is a major coastal city in the Holy Land, and his involvement helped the Christians win there. Even though the Third Crusade did not achieve the main goal of fully retaking Jerusalem, it had a huge impact that lasted on the region and on the relations between Christian and Muslim forces. So, Philip Augustus was actually related to the Crusades, particularly the Third Crusade, where Christians, including him, were involved in the efforts to reclaim Jerusalem and other Holy Lands from Muslim control.
This is a very well done entry, very nice. My topic connects to yours very easily by the Council of Clermont consisting of Christians to start the Crusades.
My topic is related to yours because its Richard the Lionheart and he was participating in the Third Crusade and was Christian
our topics are related because my topic is Richard the Lionheart and he was participating in the Third Crusade and was Christian
the byzantine empire was a mostly Christian empire.
Both of our topics are connected. Just like what you’ve said, Christians were fighting with the Muslims over the Holy Land they owned; making a total of 9 different crusades in an attempt to reclaim their land.
Our topics are related because were both religions.
My topic is similar because Antioch was one of the earliest locations of Christianity.
My topic is about trade and it relates to the crusades because the crusades “expanded trade routes substantially” (Study.com). Around AD 1200 is when the crusades began expanding the trade routes. They expanded trade throughout Europe and the East which led to the rise of towns and cities in western Europe and Italy. The Crusades opened new markets in the east that had been closed off due to Islamic expansion. These new markets opened European goods to eastern markets, and vice versa. The result of the Crusades helping with trade was that it led to “Increased trade and economy in Europe” (The Expansion of Trade). This was very important because it began to help build cities in Europe and Italy.
My topic talks about trade to because the crusades had to trade a lot to get their replicas and start their “golden age”
This topic is based on the Siege of Zara that took place on November 24, 1202. The Siege of Zara was the first significant action during the 4th Crusade when a Catholic city was attacked by Catholic Crusaders. This was the first time a Catholic city was attacked by Catholic Crusaders. Zara or (Zadar) was under attack for only about two weeks before the city surrendered to the Crusaders. The city of Zara (Zadar) was in the Kingdom of Croatia, the attack on the city was significant to the Crusades because it was the first major action during the Fourth Crusade. It also foreshadowed the same army charging to take Constantinople later. Zara was attacked on November 10th, 1202, the siege only lasted till November 24th, 1202. Before the attack, the Crusaders had built an agreement with Venice for transport across the sea to the Holy Land, but the price far exceeded what they were able to pay so Venice set the condition that the Crusaders help them capture Zarar (or Zadar), Pope Innocent III had already known of the proposed attack before it began so he threatened excommunication but it didn’t work. The entire attack had left 100 people dead with the rest of whoever was left fleeing to Nin- a city in Zadar county or Biograd- a town in northern Dalmatia, Croatia. After the attack, Pope Innocent III excommunicated the crusading army, along with the Venetians, for being involved in the attack.
Works Cited
“Siege of Zara.” Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Zara. Accessed 22 September 2023.
“Siege of Zara | Crusade, Venetian Republic, Ottoman Empire.” Britannica, 27 July 2023, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Zara. Accessed 22 September 2023.
Philip Augustus, also known as Philip II, was the King of France from 1180 to 1223. He played a prime role in the Third Crusade (1189-1192), joining European monarchs in the journey to retake the Holy Land. His involvement in the crusades was motivated by both religious fervor and political ambitions, Augustus had significant impact on the Crusades. Philip’s conflicts with Richard the Lionheart damaged Christian unity that later impacted the crusade’s goal negatively. Despite several challenges, Philip Augustus obtained key territories in the Holy Land, leaving a legacy in the history of European involvement in the Crusades that were long lasting.
The European crusaders took over parts of the Fatimid Empire like Venice.
Very Intresting topic. Something that relates to my topic the Childrens Crusades is that both of ours were in the 13th centry.
Our topics are similar because Phillip II played a central role as one of the prominent European monarchs who led Crusader forces during the Third Crusade.
This is a great topic and has relation to mine where they try to conquer the Holy Land
This relates to my topic as St. Bernard of Clairvaux was also dedicated to securing and defending the Holy Land, hence why he created Knights Templar.
My topic is the Council of Clermont. When Pope Urban the 2nd heard that the Byzantine Empire needed help, Pope Urban set out to get support to go and help them and to try and combine the two churches back together. The Council of Clermont wasn’t the first council Pope Urban called upon, it was the second, which the first council had no effect on supporting the First Crusade. Upon the meeting of the Council of Clermont, Pope Urban the 2nd he went on to say the, “God wills it” speech to gain the support of the people, and he succeeded in doing so.
Sources
Alchin, Linda. “Cause of the Crusades.” Cause of the Crusades, 2017, http://www.lordsandladies.org/cause-of-crusades.htm. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
Fordham Univerity. Fordham University, 26 Jan. 1996, sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/urban2-5vers.asp. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
this relates to the byzantine because it was the byzantine empire that required help by the council.
The Council of Clermont relates to Christianity because during this meeting Christians were called to help fight in the crusades.
My topic is related to yours because Pope Urban II was the one who held the Council of Clermont.
There are many examples of persecution during the crusades but the most prominent one is against the Jewish people. The crusades were meant to take back the holy land but the crusaders also made it their mission to convert or eliminate anyone who didn’t believe in the same religion which led to massacre after massacre. Because of their beliefs, the jewish people ostracized and even killed by crusaders and Christian’s alike. The crusaders even went so far as to call the Jewish people “the people of the devil”. This prejudice continued on even after the crusades and like many other prejudices, still happens today
The Crusades. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-crusades. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
Internet History Sourcebooks: Medieval Sourcebook. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/hoveden1189b.asp. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
Venice, a city located in Italy, was consistently engaging in multiple crusades. The crusades that venice participated in were the First Crusade(1096-1099) as a state enterprise, the Third Crusade(1189-1192) when Doge Orio Mas- tropiero sent a large crusade fleet to join, Pope Innocent III turned to Venice for support when he proclaimed the Fourth Crusade(1202-1204), the Fifth Crusade(1217-1221) where Innocent urged venice to participate in although their disappointing results from the fourth crusade. Venice is relevant to the many crusades that happened: the First Crusade, the Third Crusade that took part in the Siege of Acre, the Fourth Crusade, and Fifth Crusade taking part in the Siege of Damietta in Egypt. Venice is relevant to the crusades because of the many roles they participated in for multiple crusades, whether their wins outweighed their losses or vice versa. During the First Crusade King Baldwin the First awarded the Venice republic with a street and a marketplace in Acre. The Fourth Crusade left Venice disappointed from their results of the fall of Byzantine.
https://erenow.org/postclassical/crusades/939.php
https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1117&context=historical-perspectives
Wow! your topic was very interesting. My topic relates to your topic because my topic also had events of different crusades.
My topic relates to yours because my topic mentions things that yours does.
My topic is on Pope Urban II, who is best known for holding the Council of Clermont, and being the one who convinced Christian leaders of the time to aid him in the first Crusade. Pope Urban II was the one to really start the Crusades, as he rallied Christian leaders from all around Europe in order to get their support, and to start up an army large enough to take Jerusalem and any other Muslim city on the way. It was unknown when Urban II was born, but he died July 29, 1099, Ironically he wouldn’t have even known if his crusade was successful, as he died before news of the victory would have even reached him. Urban II never went on the crusades himself, staying in Europe during the first crusade, eventually dying in 1099, Rome, Italy. Urban II was significant because he started the crusades, though I don’t know if he realized there would be eight more after the first one he started. He was significant because he caused the idea of a crusade, and also he started the only crusade that was successful in taking the Holy Land.
Sources:
https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/sbook1k.asp
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Urban_II
Our topics easily go hand in hand with each other considering that Pope Urban II was a leading role at the Council of Clermont.
Pope Urban II relates to Christianity because at the Council of Clermont his speech was directed towards Christians to help fight in the crusades and take back the holy land.
Our topics relate to each other because St. bernard of Clairvaux was one of the Christian leaders that Urban II rallied. Although he was more involved in the Second Crusade, he believed and supported the Pope’s values during his lifetime.
Pope Urban ll ordered the first crusade against the SELJUK TURKS which kick-started all crusades to be fought, most of which were fought in the SELJUK SULTANATE.
My Topic is Jewish. Jewish relates to the crusades because in the year 1095 Pope Urban II told his followers to liberate Jerusalem. Christians wanted to run their own crusade and wanted to destroy all non-believers of christianity. This event took place in Germany. The aftermath was Hundreds and thousands of Jewish were targeted by the Crusade in Rhineland in Germany in 1096. The crusaders were trying to completely wipe out the jewish population by converting them to Christianity or if they would resist and not agree they would kill them.
your topic relates to my topic, persecution, because a large majority of persecution during the crusades were directed towards Jewish people
your topic relates to mine because it talks about what happened to Jerusalem.
Zara
In 1202, during the Fourth Crusade, the Crusaders, mainly from France, faced financial difficulties and were unable to pay the Venetians for their transport to the Holy Land. To avoid abandoning the crusade and losing the money already paid, they agreed to the Venetians’ suggestion to siege Zara, a Catholic city on the Dalmatian coast near Venice. This marked the first attack on a Christian city by a crusading army and foreshadowed their later assault on Constantinople in 1203–04. The Venetians had recently established trade relations with Egypt and wanted to avoid a conflict there, hence the proposal to take Zara as compensation. This event became a significant episode of the Fourth Crusade.
Siege of Zara | Crusade, Venetian Republic, Ottoman Empire | Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Zara. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
About: Siege of Zara. https://dbpedia.org/page/Siege_of_Zara. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
https://www.themaparchive.com. “The Fourth Crusade 1202–04.” The Map Archive, https://www.themaparchive.com/product/the-fourth-crusade-120204/. Accessed 26 Sept. 2023.
This relates to my topic ‘The Fourth Crusade’ because this happend in the fourth crusade.
Very intresting, something simmilar was both of ours were during wars.
My topic was the Fatimid Dynasty. The Fatimid Dynasty was from 909-1171, starting in Tunisania, North Africa and was taken over from the previous rulers the Shi’i. From that point on Fatimid took over other sects from different rulers: Sicily. Egypt, Syria, and what is now called Algeria. During the times of the Crusades, the Fatimid Dynasty would fight to defend their territory from the crusaders and in the end lost one of their communitys called Palestine. After many and many battles throughout the crusades the Fatimid Dynasty ruled over Yemen, Eastern Arabia, and both shores of the Red Sea.
sources:
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fati/hd_fati.htm#:~:text=In%20the%20tenth%20to%20twelfth,i%20sect%20from%20North%20Africa.
https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/160525?show=full
https://www.ismaili.net/Source/1359b.html
wow, good work our events are kind of during the same time as each other.
My topic relates to yours because in the Fatimid period, a newly vibrant international trade network developed which was shipping goods to and from Egypt.
Muslims, followers of the Islamic religion, ruled the Holy Land in the 11th Century. The majority of the Crusades happened in order to reclaim former Christian territory, conquering pagan areas and controlling Holy Land while doing so. Throughout 1095 to 1291, there have been 9 crusades that attempted to claim the Holy Land in the Eastern Mediterranean. During those 9 crusades, both Crusaders and Muslims struggled to take control of the Holy Land. The First Crusade started with them taking over Jerusalem; being successful as they drove out the city’s governor, establishing Crusader states in Jerusalem, Edessa, Antioch, and Tripoli. During the Second Crusade, both the Turkish Muslims and Nur al-Din (successor of Mosul) were able to drive King Louis VII and Conrad III’s armies out of Damascus; Nur al-Din later on adding Damascus to his empire in 1154. Before the Third Crusade, Nur al-Din’s army, led by general Shirkuh and his nephew Saladin, took Cairo and forced the Crusaders to evacuate the city in 1169 and destroyed the Christian army in Hattin in 1187. Emperor Fredrick Barbarossa, King Philip II of France, and King Richard I of England ended up starting the Third Crusade, enraged by their previous defeats; Richard’s army defeating Saladin’s forces in the Battle of Arsuf in 1191. He recaptured the city of Jaffa, restoring Christianity over some parts of the area and approached Jerusalem, not laying siege to the city while doing so. Both Richard and Saladin signed a treaty later on that reestablished the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1192, ending the Third Crusade. For the crusades 5-7, not including the fourth since it was targeted against the Byzantines, the Muslims were winning. With each attempt the Crusaders made at attacking both Egypt and Jerusalem, the Muslims were able to defend and take back their cities. Even during the 8th crusade, when the Muslim Mamluks took control of Egypt, the Crusaders weren’t doing well. The Mamluks stopped the advancing Mongols, potential allies for the Christians, and destroyed Antioch in 1268. This prompted King Louis VII to attempt to aid any remaining Crusader states in Syria, before redirecting the mission to Tunis and later on dying there. Edward I of England took on an expedition during this time, but didn’t achieve much, and was considered the last significant crusade to the Holy Land. In 1291, during the ninth crusade, the Mamluks took down Acre, the last Crusader city, resulting in a win for the Muslims.
Crusades. Britannica and Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2023, https://www.britannica.com/event/Crusades. Accessed 25 Sept. 2023
History.com Editors. Crusades. History and A&E Television Networks, LLC., 2023, https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/crusades. Accessed 25 Sept. 2023
Our topics are related because you mention the Crusaders states that the Knights Templar were trying to protect.
The topic I have is “The Fourth Crusade.” The fourth crusade was the Fourth expedition of the crusades. The purpose of this was to recapture the Muslim controlled city of Jerusalem. To do this though, they first had to defeat the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid Sultanate.
https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/crusades
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Crusade
ours are sort of similar because we both had wars.
Very Interesting topic, it is very similar to mine because the siege of Zara was the first action in the fourth crusade
Our topics are related because Venice participated in the Fourth Crusade.
The Knights Templar was a large organization made up of devout Christians during the Medieval Era (5th to late 15th centuries) that carried out an important mission. Originally the important mission was to protect pilgrims from danger but expanded their duties to protect the crusader states in the Holy Land. The Knights Templar was significant to the Crusades because they were defenders of the Crusader states. The Knights Templar became known because of its austere code of conduct: to conduct themselves with humility and be the most honorable, noble, courteous. honest, and chivalrous. To join the Knights Templar new members had to willingly sign over all of their wealth and goods to the order and take vows of poverty, chastity, piety, and obedience.
Works Cited
“Knights Templar.” HISTORY, 28 Mar. 2023, https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/the-knights-templar.
“The Knights Templar Rulebook Included No Pointy Shoes and No Kissing Mom.” HISTORY, 6 Mar. 2019, https://www.history.com/news/the-knights-templar-rulebook-included-no-pointy-shoes-and-no-kissing-mom.
The Children’s Crusades were a series of religious expeditions led by young people in the 13th century. They were inspired by the fervor of the Crusades and the desire to reclaim the Holy Land. These crusades were largely unsuccessful and ended in tragedy. Many of the children were not equipped for the journey and faced hardships along the way. Some were even sold into slavery. Despite their noble intentions, the Children’s Crusades serve as a reminder of the dangers of religious fervor and the vulnerability of young people.
MLA Citations:
-Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.). The children’s crusade. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Crusades/The-Childrens-Crusade
-HistoryExtra. (2023, July 4). What was the children’s crusade, and did it actually happen? https://www.historyextra.com/period/medieval/childrens-crusade-france-germany-march-on-jerusalem-failure-was-it-real/
The Albigensian Crusade or the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229) was a military and ideological campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc. This relates to the crusades because this was a very big war during these times. The Albigensian Crusade was (1209-1229). The significance of my topic is that this war was about eliminating catharism and destroying it. The significant results of the Albigensian crusade was that the war did not end the catharism but it allowed the french king to establish his authority over the south.
Sources
https://www.britannica.com/event/Albigensian-Crusade
https://www.britannica.com/summary/Albigensian-Crusade
this topic relates to mine because this would be persecution against catharism
The Third Crusade was led by prominent European monarchs, including King Richard the Lionheart of England, King Philip II of France, and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.The Third Crusade predominantly took place in the Eastern Mediterranean, with battles and events occurring in regions such as the Holy Land (Jerusalem, Acre) and Anatolia.
The Third Crusade occurred from 1189 to 1192, with key events spanning these years. One significant event related to the Third Crusade is the reconciliation and diplomacy that occurred during the crusade. This crusade witnessed various negotiations, alliances, and truces between the Christian Crusaders and Saladin’s forces. Notably, the Treaty of Jaffa in 1192, signed between Richard the Lionheart and Saladin, allowed Christians to maintain control over Jerusalem while granting access to Christian pilgrims.
https://www.worldhistory.org/Third_Crusade/
My topic connects to yours because i had to write about Richard the Lionheart. He was the King of England during the Third Crusade
Yes, our topics are related because we are both the crusades.
Our topics are similar because Venice participated in the Third Crusade.
My topic is the Seljuk Turks, the empire that at the time of the first crusade had been occupying the Holy Lands around Jerusalem, Antioch, Tripoli, and Edessa. The Seljuk Turks came from central Asia and had been expanding their reach into Byzantine lands since 1071. The first crusade in 1096 was directed at the Seljuk Turks, the Pope had ordered a war to be fought against them. One hundred thousand soldiers came to the Mediterranean coast of the Seljuk Sultanate and took control of Jerusalem and the Crusader Kingdoms by 1099 with the assistance of Shiite Muslims in the area. The Seljuk resistance had been untenable due to the recent death of the sultan Malik-Shah in 1092. By 1144 the Seljuk Sultanate had re-stabilized itself and began retaking lands from the Byzantine Empire and Crusader States in the Holy Land including Edessa, so that’s when the second crusade began. By 1149 victory was grasped…by the Seljuk Turks…when they captured the city of Antioch and defeated the crusaders decisively… As a result of the Seljuk’s success the third through the ninth crusade were all failures and the Byzantine-Pope alliance of power would never be able to project its strength in quite the same way.
https://study.com/learn/lesson/seljuk-turks-significance-historical-battles.html#:~:text=The%20Seljuk%20Turks%20and%20the%20First%20Crusade&text=The%20crusade%20began%20in%201096,even%20arrived%20at%20the%20city.
https://www.worldhistory.org/Second_Crusade/
My topic is Richard the Lionheart. Richard I, also known as Richard Lionheart was born on September 8th of 1157. He was the King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. After the departure of Philip II he was leading the campaign in the Third Crusade and achieving considerable victories against Muslim counterpart, Saladin. Basically, he led the whole English army in the Third Crusade. He is considered the greatest hero of the Third Crusade. English army recaptured some important cities like Acre and Jaffa, but failed to recapture Jerusalem. In September 1192 Richard Lionheart and Saladin signed a peace treaty that reestablished the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_I_of_England#:~:text=Richard%20was%20an%20important%20Christian,the%20campaign%20without%20retaking%20Jerusalem.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Crusade#:~:text=It%20was%20partially%20successful%2C%20recapturing,Crusade%20and%20its%20religious%20focus.
https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/crusades#
Yes, this relates to my topic as like i also did Richard the lion hearted.
God wills it is a christian motto relating to divine providence. It was first chanted by catholics during the first crusade in 1096. This topic was used from the first crusade in 1096 all the way to the 20th century. God wills it was significant to the crusades because it was a battle cry/ chant they used although it wasn’t said like God wills it, it was said Deus le volt, or Deus lo volt.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus_vult
The topic i have been forced to do against my will and constitutional rights has been “Richard the Lion Hearted”. Richard the lion hearted was a king of England for 10 years and is especially known for is connection to the third crusade. After being called to capture the holy land, Richard focused all on capturing the holy land. On his way Richard captures Cyprus, which very well made them cryprus mwahahaa. When Richard arrived, miles from the city he and his army decided not to attack, Richard instead negotiated a peace treaty that protected Christian Pilgrams & merchants to freely move throughout Jerusalem. This is important to the crusades as he allowed peace to be throught Jerusalem. You can probably see why he gets his name “lion hearted” now.
“Who Is Richard the Lionheart? -.” Chertseytiles.holycross.edu, 1 July 2022, chertseytiles.holycross.edu/crusades/who-is-richard-the-lionheart/#:~:text=Richard%20I%20%E2%80%9Cthe%20Lionheart%E2%80%9D%20%281157%E2%80%931199%29%20ruled%20as%20king. Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
Wallis, Geoffrey. “Richard I | Biography, Achievements, & Facts.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 10 Jan. 2019, http://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-I-king-of-England.
This report is on the Knights Templar. They were a large operation of devout christians that carried out important missions. The Knights Templar became defenders of the crusader states in the holy land. The Knights Templar were responsible for protecting the european travelers visiting sites in the Holy Land while also carrying out military operations. They were a large operation of devout christians that carried out important missions
History. 17 July 2017, http://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/the-knights-templar.
Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/topic/Templars. Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
The Second Crusade was a military organized by the Pope and European nobles to recapture the city of Edessa in Mesopotamia which had fallen in 1144 CE to the Muslim Seljuk Turks. My topic, The Second Crusade relates to the Crusades because the Second Crusade (1145–1149) was the second major crusade launched from Europe. Which is when it was relevant. It was relevant when Crusader armies set out to defeat Muslims in the Holy Land and in Iberia as well as pagans in northeastern Europe. the first of the crusades to be led by European kings which is significant to the crusades. The second crusade resulted in Louis and Conrad and the remnants of their armies reaching Jerusalem and participating in 1148 in an ill-advised attack on Damascus, which ended in their retreat.
https://www.worldhistory.org/Second_Crusade/
http://websites.umich.edu/~marcons/Crusades/timeline/summaries/second_crusade.htm
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-herkimer-westerncivilization/chapter/the-second-crusade/
This topic is similar to mine since it involves the 2nd crusade
my topic relates to yours because it involves the 2nd crusade.
this relates to my topic because Saladin, because saladin was a big part of war, with Saladin giving the strenght for the muslims, allowing them to win the second crusade
The Fifth Crusade was a campaign by Western Europeans. They wanted to get back Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land and conquer Egypt. The Fifth Crusade went from 1217 to 1221 CE and made a big impact on the world. It was caused because the European Crusaders didn’t succeed at capturing Jerusalem from Muslim control. They wanted to damage Egypt’s unity by conquering the state in Egypt called Ayyubid. The Fifth Crusade was called by Pope Innocent III. The campaign was not a sucess for them as they didn’t end up getting Jerusalem. The Crusades improved the economy and trade.
Cartwright, Mark. “Fifth Crusade.” World History Encyclopedia, https://www.worldhistory.org/Fifth_Crusade/. Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
“Fifth Crusade.” HISTORY CRUNCH – History Articles, Biographies, Infographics, Resources and More, https://www.historycrunch.com/fifth-crusade.html. Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
The Fifth Crusade. https://historylearning.com/medieval-england/the-crusades/fifth-crusade/. Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
My topic is the first crusade. The first crusade happened in 1096-1099 and was the first series of religious wars. The first crusades goal was to recapture the city of Jerusalem, the land under muslim control. The first crusade was successful taking over jerusalem on july 15th 1099 with the help of the christian forces. There were about 60,000 soldiers in the first crusade. The first crusade was important because it was the beginning of multiple wars.
Sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Crusade
https://www.worldhistory.org/First_Crusade/
My topic is Pope Urban II, which is related to yours because he started The First Crusade.
Yes, my topic relates to yours because I have the second crusade
My topic is similar because Antioch is where the Siege of Antioch took place and the Siege of Antioch happened durring the first Crusade.
Antioch was an ancient city in Syria located in modern day Turkey. It is one of the oldest locations of Christianity. The Siege of Antioch happened in 1097-1098. This was the first crusade to happen in the Holy Land. It went through Seljuk land and captured Edessa. The Crusaders won this one, 2,000 Crusaders died out of the 30,000 while 10,000 of the 75,000 Turkish folk died.
Sources:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Antioch-1097-1098
https://www.britannica.com/place/Antioch-modern-and-ancient-city-south-central-Turkey
https://www.worcesterart.org/exhibitions/past/coa.html
My topic is about Saladin. Saladin was known for defeating an army of crusades on July 4th of 1187, it took place near Tiberias in northern Palestine. Saladin relates to the crusades because of the battle of Hattin when they captured the city of Jerusalem in 1187. The significance of Saladin was he defeated the army of crusaders, they killed the majority of the crusaders. Saladin is significant because he defeated an army of crusaders, this ended the second crusaders.
Sources https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saladin
My topic relates to your topic because Saladin killed a massive army of crusaders and then he took over Jerusalem, and i talked about the tragedy that happened with Jerusalem.
this relates to my topic because i also did saladin and because aladin won the second crusade