Crusades Glossary Entry
Follow the instructions on your assignment to submit your Crusades glossary entry. Your glossary entry must be a 3-5 sentence paragraph that addresses the name of your topic, the connection of your topic to the Crusades, and the significance of your topic to the Crusades. Make sure to include your two sources in your entry to receive full credit!
After submitting your entry, connect to two other classmates by commenting on their glossary entry, telling how your topic connects to theirs.
Finally, take notes on the glossary entries (there will be some repeated entries) to help your understanding of the Crusades as a whole, as well as to help with your success on the Crusades quiz.
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Moors were Muslims living in Spain between 711 to 1492. In the third crusade Moors defeated the Christans in the Battle of Alarcos in 1185. Moors usually lived in North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. Christians launched many crusades against Moors; they won some and the muslims won others. There were around 40,000 lives lost during the crusades. In 1492 the Christians won the Granada War and expelled the Moors from spain.
Both of our topics play a significant part in the 3rd crusade. cool
Antioch was an important area for early christianity and is now a major town in Turkey.
The siege of Antioch took place during the First Crusade in 1097 and 1098, on the crusaders’ way to Jerusalem through Syria. Two sieges took place in succession. The first siege, by the crusaders against the city held by the Seljuk Empire, lasted from 20 October 1097 to 3 June 1098. The significance of Antioch in relation to the crusades is The Siege of Antioch marked the arrival of the First Crusade in the Holy Land. By capturing Antioch, the crusades were able to more easily get supplies and reinforcements from the west.
The fifth crusade (1217-1221) was called on by pope innocent the third the goal being to take back jerusalem from the muslims. They tried weakening them first by attacking Egypt but the campaign failed and were defeated on the banks of the nile. The crusaders returned home with not many rewards. The fifth crusades were meant to be an inclusive effort with people who lacked funds funding a single crusader who could otherwise not go and people who couldn’t go could support through prayer and fasting. The fifth crusade was started by pope innocent but he died before the crusaders left and honorius the third took his place.
both of our crusades were lead by pope innocent the third
Richard the Lion-Hearted was an important Christian commander during the third crusade and is Henry’s eldest surviving son. His reputation is as a great military leader and warrior. In the third crusade he arrived in Holy land in june 1991. RIchard was important in the third crusade because he was an important leader for the christians. He was reigned in 1889-99, He fulfilled his main ambition by going on crusade in 1990, meaning he left the ruling of England to others.
Richard almost single handedly led the crusaders to gain territory.
Both of our people participated in the third crusade.
The Knights Templar was a French military order of the Catholic faith. The order of the Knights Templar was founded in 1888 by Hugh de Payens and the other knights, and the Knight Templar were members of the Poor Knights of Christ and Temple of Solomon. There purpose were to defend the crusades state in their Holy Land against Muslim armies. The significance of the Knights Templar role was that they were able to strengthen the military to help them safely collect,store, and transport bullion to and from Europe and the Holy Land. They were able to build castles, garrison important towns, and participated in many battles for the people traveling to the Holy Land and for the Holy Land itself.One of the very successful battles the Knight Templar won was in 117 where around 500 Templar Knights fought against around 26,000 soldiers in the Battle of Montgisard. The Knight Templar was said to have ended in 1312 being disbanded by Pope Clement V.
the knight Templar relates to my topic because in 1071 the knight Templar fought to byzantine empire and defeated the byzantine army.
The six crusade was a military expedition to recapture Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land. It began seven years after the failure of the Fifth Crusade and involved very little actual fighting. The diplomatic maneuvering of the Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, Frederick II, resulted in the Kingdom of Jerusalem regaining some control over Jerusalem.
Our topics are related because there’s relics from the fourth crusade
My topic is nobility. My topic relates to the Crusade because it shows the high status and noble people who ruled in the time of their reign.My topic relates to the Crusade because they want to conquer and reclaim holy land.The years of nobility in the crusade was 1095-129. Nobles and peasants responded in great numbers to the call and marched across Europe to Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine empire.
My crusade was partially fought by nobles
The eighth crusade was the 2nd crusade launched by Louis IX of France. This topic relates to the Crusades because it was the 8th different crusade. The 8th Crusade was located in Ifriqiya which is modern Tunisia. The eighth crusade started on July 18, 1270 and ended on October 30, 1270. The eighth crusade did not see any significant tragedies because there was little fighting due to Louis IX dieing after they arrived on the shores of Tunisia. The eighth crusade had an amazing effect on world history because it killed Louis IX.
Our topics are related because there’s relics from the eighth crusade
these are connected because the nobles fought in both
Frederick Barbarossa was among the Holy roman empires greatest medieval empires and a
Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death in 1190. Frederick joined the 3rd crusade and opted to travel overland to the holy land and led a massive army across the Balkans and Anatolia. He later drowned in June 10 1190 in the Saleph river, causing most of his army to retreat. He is prominent in the 1100s, in France Italy, Balkans, Anatolia, and the Armenian kingdom of Cecilia. Fredericks death and his failure to bring his army past Acre, caused the holy land to not be captured.
Both of our people traveled to the third crusade together
My topic relates to yours because Frederick is high in nobility and status
Philip Augustus also known as Philip the second(8/21/1165-7/14/1223).Philip was the king of france from 1180-1223.Philip traveled to the Holy Land,He traveled there to participate in the third crusade this crusade occurred from 1189-1192 and lasted three years.He traveled there with King Richard of england,he also traveled with the holy roman emperor Fredrick Barbarossa,He left Vezelay with his army on 7/4/1190.The Third crusade took place in Levant,Sicily,Iberia,Balkans,and Anatolia.Philip Augustus was the first of the great capetian kings of medieval france.Philip was a major figure in the crusade.He also built a great wall around paris,Reorganized the french government,and brought financial stability to his country.
Philip is high of status and nobility.
Our topics both play a significant part in the third crusade and my topic Frederick Barbarossa is mentioned. Also mentions some of the same significant places like the Balkans,and Anatolia. cool
our topic relates by both happening during the third crusade.
Zara was a christian city in the kingdom of Croatia. The Siege of Zara was the first attack against a christian city during the beginning of the Fourth Crusade. Ignoring the letters from Pope Innocent III trying to stop the attacks and threatening excommunication, the Siege of Zara started on November 10, 1202 and the city fell on November 24. The Venetian Crusader army came out victorious.
pope innocent also started the fifth crusade.
pope innocent iii threatened excommunication
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Zara
https://www.lordsandladies.org/the-fourth-crusade.htm
The fourth crusade was a crusade led by pope innocent iii to recapture the city of Jerusalem. This crusade was part of a series of crusades formed by the christian forces in western Europe to take holy land back from the muslims. The fourth crusade occurred between the years of 1202 and 1204. This happened in the Byzantine empire. The significance of this crusade was that in this crusade the Europeans successfully sacked the capital city of Constantinople for three days. Following this crusade Constantinople was divided into three states. Nicaea, Trebizond and Epirus.
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Crusade#:~:text=The%20Fourth%20Crusade%20(1202%E2%80%931204,the%20powerful%20Egyptian%20Ayyubid%20Sultanate.
https://www.worldhistory.org/Fourth_Crusade/
pope innocent caused the fourth crusades and also caused the fifth crusade before he died.
The Siege of Zara was one of the first attacks during the beginning of the Fourth Crusade.
A relic is an object that has survived from a time long ago. Particularly one from an era of great war or time of great cultural significance. There are many relics of the crusades one of wich is the Reliquary Cross when twelfth-century French churchmen revered Holy Land sites, displaying relics like this cross. There’s also The Sword Pommel which was wielded by the Duke of Brittany who was captured and died in France. Lastly there’s The Keystone from a Vaulted Ceiling witch was carved by knight in Castle Montfort.
This topic relates to the Knight Templar because the knights have left some relics such as the Holy Grail, the Ark of the Covenant, and pieces of the True Cross which were said to be buried or hidden from the public
your topic relates to mine because the byzantine empire had many relics with some of the most famous being gold silver and bronze vessels used in celebration of the Eucharist. which was a religious thing to do where u eat bread drink wine and recall the things Jesus Christ said and did.
My topic was about the third crusade. The third crusade was led by three people who were Richard of England, Phillip of France and Fredric who was the holy Roman emperor. The third crusades took place in the holy land during 1189 through 1192. This was significant because it was to reconquer the holy land after the capture of jerusalem. As a result it led to the rise of christians and along the way they captured cities Acre and Jaffa but no jerusalem. The third crusade also led to the treaty of Jaffa.
Sources
Britannica
Lumen learning
World history encyclopedia
https://www.britannica.com/event/Crusades
https://www.worldhistory.org/timeline/Third_Crusade/#:~:text=Pope%20Gregory%20VIII%20calls%20for%20the%20Third%20Crusade%20to%20recapture%20Jerusalem.&text=The%20Third%20Crusade%20is%20formed,was%20not%20one%20of%20them.&text=The%20siege%20of%20Acre%20during%20the%20Third%20Crusade.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-herkimer-westerncivilization/chapter/the-third-crusade/#:~:text=Finally%2C%20the%20Third%20Crusade%20resulted,compromise%20or%20middle%20ground%20achieved.
Our topic relates by them both happening in the third crusade.
this is related cause it talks about the capture of Jerusalem
Saladin lead the reconquest of jerusalem in 1187 prompted pope gregory VII or orgonize the third crusade. He spearheaded the muslim military effort against the crusader states in the levant. He was the first sultan of both Egypt and Syria and he was an important figure of the third crusade. He fought the crusadres for control of Jerusalem for 20 years conquering the city in 1187 but losing it again in 1192 to Richard Lionheart in the third crusade. He was the ayyubid ruler of egypt and syria. From 1189 to 1192 saldin lost acre and jaffa and was defeated in the feild at arsuf. He destroyed the armies of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem at hattin in 1187 and then recaptured most of the so- called “ crusader states.
The second crusade was a military campaign. Organized by the pope and European nobles. To get back Edessa anc other crusaders went to Spain to fight the Muslims or the shores of Baltic Sea to fight the Pagan Wends.The second crusade is related to this topic because. It was the response to the county of Endessa. It was the first crusader state to start and the first to fall.
The second crusade was launched 1147–1150.
The second crusade is relevant to Edessa in Mesopotamia.
The significance of the second crusade was that it ensured the Christian Crusader states in Holy Lands would remain defensive for the future.
At the end the crusaders lost and the Muslims won. 35,000 crusaders died in the war.
this is relatable cause the second crusade and first were both fighting for the holyland
Excommunications is the act of formally removing someone from a religious community or group restricting their rights within it. Excommunications took place during the east-west schism, an event that precipitated the final separation of the eastern christian churches in Rome, italy. The mutual excommunication by the pope and the patriarch in 1054 became a watershed in church history. The two branches remained on friendly terms until crusaders of the Fourth crusade captured Constantinople in 1204.
The First Crusade
The first crusades were a series of religious wars, directed by latin churches in the middle age. The first crusade was led by Raymond of saint-Gilles, Godery of Bouillon, Hugh of Vermandois, Bohmond of Otranto, and Robert of Flanders. Which occurred in Anatolia,Levant, and somewhere near the East. The series of religious wars started on November 27 in 1095, but most events took place after the agreed departure on August 15 1096. The first crusaders established a string of ruled states and conquered Nicaea (Now Turkey), Antioch, and then went to seize Jerusalem. Then the final establishment of the first crusade was capturing Jerusalem, and establishing a latin kingdom in the east. These establishments were also held with the hands of the Eurpeans who participated with the capturing of Jerusalem.
sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Crusade
https://www.worldhistory.org/First_Crusade
the first and second crusade are connected because they were both fighting for the holy land
The Byzantine Empire was an eastern part of the roman empire that helped during the crusades but barely took part in fighting. Instead they mainly provided support through logistical information and helped fund the wars as long as the crusades fought for them. The crusaders arrived at Constantinople in the summer of 1203 and quickly attacked, starting major fire, destroying major areas of the city and briefly seized control but then Angelos took control. Then in April of 1204 the crusaders took control again and pillaged and massacred for 3 days until Baldwin of Flanders took control and made it the new Latin Empire. The Byzantine Empire didn’t fully disappear; it survived through vassal states like the Empire of Nicaea and eventually the Byzantine Empire took back control in 1261.
My topic relates to yours because the Knight Templar fought and tried to force the Byzantine to join the Crusades which led to many people dying during the fourth crusade.
My topic is Eleanor of Aquitaine and she accompanied her husband on the second crusade, travelling to Constantinople and Jerusalem. She plays an active role in government affairs. Her first husband was king Louis VII and her second was king Henry II. She was queen of England from 1154-1189 and queen of France 1137-1157. one of the key moments is Eleanor taking part in a plot against her husband.